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Papers, explained in our own words

Every entry summarises what the study set out to test, what it found and why it changes how we design delivery systems. Browse research and reviews or search the collection.

706 articles

Showing 1–24 of 31 articles · Keyword: Chitosan Clear keyword

International journal of biological macromolecules2026ResearchDrug Delivery

1. Hydrophobicity-tuned oleic acid-functionalized chitosan nanoparticles for sustained ocular delivery of dapagliflozin in diabetic cataract

Lin Zi, Yeh Tc, Sun Gc, Chen Yy, Cheng Pw

Chitosan-based biological macromolecules provide a versatile platform for ocular drug delivery, but their hydrophilic nature limits the encapsulation and sustained release of hydrophobic therapeutics. Here, we designed oleic acid-functionalized chitosan nanoparticles (OA-CS NPs) with tunable hydrophobicity by varying…

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International journal of pharmaceutics2026ResearchDrug Delivery

2. Laser-responsive chitosan-coated solid lipid nanoparticles co-encapsulating CaO 2 nanoparticles and IR780 for on-demand and enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancers

Amiri M, Heydari E, Esmaeili M, Zare-Behtash H, Moeini M

The photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy is limited by tumor hypoxia and inefficient intracellular accumulation of photosensitizers (PSs). This study reports chitosan-coated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) co-encapsulating the near-infrared photosensitizer IR780 and oxygen-generating CaO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) for…

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International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials2021ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

3. Development of a nontoxic and efficient gene delivery vector based on histidine grafted chitosan

Liu T, Lin M, Wu F, Lin A, Luo D, Zhang Z

siRNA therapeutics are limited by poor cellular uptake, serum nuclease degradation, and inefficient endosomal/lysosomal escape. Chitosan is biocompatible and biodegradable but has low transfection efficiency, largely due to poor buffering capacity and weak endosomal escape. Histidine grafting was explored to add…

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Iranian Polymer Journal2021ReviewDrug Delivery

4. Current progress of self‑healing polymers for medical applications in tissue engineering

Self-healing polymers can repair damage and recover functionality, potentially extending the lifetime and safety of biomedical devices. Although self-healing hydrogels have been reviewed previously, papers focused specifically on their use in tissue engineering are scarce. This review summarises fabrication methods…

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Immunotherapy* (Future Science Group)2020ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

5. Ex Vivo-Generated Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccines in Melanoma: The Role of Nanoparticulate Delivery Systems

Mona Yazdani, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Javad Verdi, Behrang Alani, Mahdi Noureddini, Ali Badiee

Melanoma is a poorly immunogenic and highly aggressive skin cancer with limited long-term survival for advanced disease. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines are promising immunotherapies, but their efficacy relies on critical factors including DC maturation state and efficient antigen delivery. Nanoparticulate…

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International Immunopharmacology2020ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

6. Nanomedicine for improvement of dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy

Hashemi V, Farhadi S, Ghasemi Chaleshtari M, Et Al.

Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy has shown impressive outcomes, including the first FDA-approved anti-cancer vaccine, but clinical application faces challenges such as limited durable responses, antigen selection issues, and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironments. Nanoparticles (NPs) are promising…

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2019ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

7. Nanocarrier-based systems for targeted and site specific therapeutic delivery

Majumder J, Et Al.

Conventional systemic drug administration suffers from low site-specific bioavailability, unfavourable biodistribution, poor target accumulation, and adverse side effects. There is a need for carrier-based systems that enable localised and targeted delivery, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce toxicity…

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Molecules2019ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

8. Biodegradable Polymers for Gene Delivery

Thomas, T. J.; Tajmir-Riahi, H.-A.; Pillai, C. K. S

Gene therapy requires efficient delivery of genetic material, but viral vectors carry risks of immunogenicity, toxicity, and cancer formation. Cationic polymers such as polyethyleneimine (PEI) can condense DNA and facilitate delivery, but their lack of biodegradation causes significant toxicity due to polymer…

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Drug Delivery2018ResearchDrug Delivery

9. Development of dual drug loaded stealth nanocarriers for targeted and synergistic anti lung cancer efficacy

Juan Chen, Xiaobing Yang, Liuqing Huang, Huixian Lai, Chuanhai Gan, Xuetao Luo

Lung cancer has the highest mortality among cancers, and single-agent chemotherapy is often unsuccessful due to drug resistance, insufficient intracellular uptake, nonspecific targeting, and severe systemic toxicity. Combination chemotherapy can suppress drug resistance and achieve synergistic anticancer efficacy…

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Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering2018ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

10. Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Cancer Treatments

Karlsson, J.; Vaughan, H. J.; Green, J. J

Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have great potential to improve cancer therapy by enabling targeted delivery, triggered release, and reduced off-target toxicity. This review addresses how such nanocarriers can be engineered to overcome systemic, organ-level, and cellular barriers and to target cancer cells…

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Chemical Society Reviews2017ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

11. Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles: Journey Inside the Cell

Shahed Behzadi, Vahid Serpooshan, Wei Tao, Majd A. Hamaly, Mahmoud Y. Alkawareek, Erik C. Dreaden, Dennis Brown, Alaaldin M. Alkilany, Omid C. Farokhzad, Morteza Mahmoudi

Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in consumer goods, electronics, and pharmaceuticals, but their beneficial and/or deleterious effects ultimately arise from interactions at the cellular and subcellular level. While many NPs require safe entry into cells for therapeutic efficacy, efficient and controlled…

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Biomaterials2017ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

12. Enhanced antitumor immunity by targeting dendritic cells with tumor cell lysate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles vaccine

Shi Gn, Zhang Cn, Xu R, Niu Jf, Song Hj, Zhang Xy, Wang Ww, Wang Ym, Li C, Wei Xq, Kong Dl

Whole tumour cell lysates (TCL) are a broad source of tumour antigens for cancer vaccines, but soluble TCL is unstable, poorly taken up by dendritic cells (DCs), and inefficient at inducing cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. A delivery system was needed to protect TCL antigens, target DCs, and enhance antigen…

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Journal of Controlled Release2016ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

13. Development of siRNA-loaded chitosan nanoparticles targeting Galectin-1 for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme via intranasal administration

Matthias Van Woensel, Nathalie Wauthoz, Rémi Rosière, Véronique Mathieu, Róbert Kiss, Florence Lefranc, Brecht Steelant, Ellen Dilissen, Stefaan W. Van Gool, Thomas Mathivet, Holger Gerhardt, Karim Amighi, Steven De Vleeschouwer

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), promotes tumour progression, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and immune suppression. A non-invasive delivery strategy is needed to reach CNS tumours with siRNA while limiting systemic effects. The intranasal route was explored as an underexplored…

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Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews2016ReviewDrug Delivery

14. Lipid-based nanocarriers for oral peptide delivery☆

Niu Z, Conejos-Sánchez I, Griffin Bt, O’driscoll Cm, Alonso Mj

Peptide and protein therapeutics are highly potent but mostly require parenteral administration because they are degraded in the gastrointestinal tract, poorly permeate the intestinal epithelium, and have low oral bioavailability. Lipid-based nanocarriers are a promising strategy to enable oral peptide delivery by…

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Chemical Reviews2015ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

15. Biodegradable Polymer Nanogels for DrugNucleic Acid Delivery

Li, Y.; Maciel, D.; Rodrigues, J.; Shi, X.; Tomás, H

Despite extensive research, therapeutic delivery still faces major barriers: poor plasma stability, rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), and intracellular obstacles such as endosomal entrapment and lysosomal degradation. Biodegradable polymer nanogels (NGs) — physically or chemically cross-linked…

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2015ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

16. Polymeric Nanocarriers for Non-Viral Gene Delivery

Li, L.; Wei, Y.; Gong, C

Viral vectors are efficient but carry risks of immunogenicity, inflammatory reactions, recombination, limited DNA cargo capacity, and manufacturing difficulties. Non-viral polymeric vectors are safer and easier to produce, but their transfection efficiency remains much lower than viral vectors because of multiple…

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Journal of Controlled Release2014ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

17. Chitosan nanoparticles for siRNA delivery Optimizing formulation to increase stability and efficiency

Héloïse Ragelle, Raphaël Riva, Gaëlle Vandermeulen, Broes Naeye, Vincent Pourcelle, Cécile S. Le Duff, Cécile D’haese, Bernard Nysten, Kevin Braeckmans, Stefaan C. De Smedt, Christine Jérôme, Véronique Préat

Naked siRNA is unstable and inefficient, and chitosan-based carriers are limited by poor solubility at physiological pH and weak endosomal disruption. The study aimed to optimise chitosan nanoparticle formulations for intravenous siRNA delivery that achieve high gene silencing without cytotoxicity and remain stable…

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BMC Immunology2014ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

18. GM-CSF-loaded chitosan hydrogel as an immunoadjuvant enhances antigen-specific immune responses with reduced toxicity

Kyung Hee Noh, Yeong Min Park, Hyuk Soon Kim, Tae Heung Kang, Kwon‐ho Song, Young‐ho Lee, Yeongseon Byeon, Hat Nim Jeon, In Duk Jung, Byung Cheol Shin, Kyung‐mi Lee, Seung‐yong Seong, Hee Dong Han, Tae Woo Kim

Conventional adjuvants such as Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant (IFA) are potent but toxic, limiting clinical use. A safer, biodegradable adjuvant system was needed to enhance antigen-specific humoral and cellular immunity without severe local or systemic side effects. Safety: CH-HG…

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Drug Discovery Today.2013ReviewDrug Delivery

19. Recent advances in topical ophthalmic drug delivery with lipid-based nanocarriers

Gan L, Wang J, Jiang M, Bartlett H, Ouyang D, Eperjesi F, Liu J, Gan Y

Topical ocular drug delivery is limited by tear turnover, corneal and conjunctival barriers, efflux transporters, and poor water solubility of many drug candidates. Lipid-based nanocarriers may improve ocular bioavailability, prolong preocular residence, enhance corneal penetration, and provide controlled release…

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Journal of Controlled Release2013ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

20. Chitosan-based siRNA delivery systems

Ragelle, H.; Vandermeulen, G.; Préat, V

Chitosan is attractive for siRNA delivery because it is cationic, biocompatible, biodegradable, mucoadhesive, and permeation-enhancing. However, native chitosan suffers from low solubility at physiological pH, poor buffering capacity, instability in biological fluids, and insufficient endosomal escape, limiting…

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Biomedical Materials* (*Biomed. Mater.*)2012ReviewNon-viral Gene Delivery

21. Engineered Nonviral Nanocarriers for Intracellular Gene Delivery Applications

Not Fully Listed In The Supplied File; Corresponding Authors Are Isaac Ojea ([email protected]) And Victor Puntes ([email protected])

Viral vectors give high gene-transfer efficiency but carry risks of immunogenicity, oncogenic transformation, limited cargo capacity, and manufacturing difficulty. Nonviral nanocarriers are safer and cheaper alternatives, but they still suffer from low transfection efficiency because of extracellular and…

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Journal of Controlled Release2012ReviewDrug Delivery

22. PLGA-based nanoparticles: An overview of biomedical applications

Fabienne Danhier, Eduardo Ansorena, Joana M. Silva, Regis Coco, Aude Le Breton, Véronique Préat

PLGA is one of the most successfully developed biodegradable polymers, with FDA and EMA approval for parenteral drug delivery, but a comprehensive overview linking its formulation methods, physicochemical pitfalls, targeting strategies, and applications across multiple diseases was needed. This review presents why…

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Clinical & Experimental Metastasis2010ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

23. Chitosan hydrogel containing GMCSF and a cancer drug exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects via the induction of CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity

Seo Sh, Han Hd, Noh Kh, Kim Tw, Son Sw

Chemo-immunotherapy combinations are limited by systemic immunotoxicity from cancer drugs and rapid clearance of low-molecular-weight drugs after intratumoral injection. A local, biodegradable delivery system was needed to sustain drug/GMCSF exposure at the tumour site, reduce systemic toxicity, and promote tumour…

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Clinical Cancer Research2010ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

24. Targeted Gene Silencing Using RGD-Labeled Chitosan Nanoparticles

Han Hd, Mangala Ls, Lee Jw, Shahzad Mmk, Kim Hs, Shen D, Nam Ej, Mora Em, Stone Rl, Lu C, Lee Sj, Roh Jw, Nick Am, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood Ak

siRNA has therapeutic potential, but in vivo delivery is limited by rapid clearance, nuclease degradation, and nonspecific distribution. A tumour-targeted, biocompatible delivery system was needed to increase intratumoral siRNA accumulation, reduce off-target effects, and enable silencing of growth-promoting genes in…

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