Skip to content
Brilliant Blue Biosciences logoBrilliant BlueBiosciences
Articles

Papers, explained in our own words

Every entry summarises what the study set out to test, what it found and why it changes how we design delivery systems. Browse research and reviews or search the collection.

706 articles

Showing 1–24 of 87 articles · Keyword: DNA Clear keyword

International Journal of Nanomedicine2023ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

1. Non-Viral Gene Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Intra-Arterial Injection

Hannah J Vaughan, Camila G Zamboni, Kathryn M Luly, Ling Li, Kathleen L Gabrielson, Laboni F Hassan, Nicholas P Radant, Pranshu Bhardwaj, Florin M Selaru, Martin G Pomper, Jordan J Green

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has limited treatment options, with modest survival after systemic chemotherapy or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Gene therapies hold promise for treating HCC, but delivery remains a critical hurdle. While poly(beta-amino ester) (PBAE) nanoparticles have shown efficacy in…

Read the article
International Journal of Nanomedicine2022ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

2. Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Plasmid DNA in Cardiomyocytes

Sérgio Scalzo, Anderson K. Santos, Heloisa A. S. Ferreira, Pedro A. Costa, Pedro H. D. M. Prazeres, Natalia J. A. Da Silva, Lays C. Guimarães, Mário De Morais E Silva, Marco T. R. Rodrigues Alves, Celso T. R. Viana, Itamar C. G. Jesus, Alice P. Rodrigues, Alexander Birbrair, Anderson O. Lobo, Freder

Cardiomyocytes are hard-to-transfect cells, and gene therapy for cardiovascular disease is limited by insufficient delivery to cardiac tissue, nucleic acid degradation, and safety concerns with viral vectors. A safe, effective non-viral platform for pDNA delivery to cardiomyocytes is needed. LNP4 was the top…

Read the article
Frontiers in Pharmacology2022ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

3. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (β-amino Ester) and Applied PEGylated and Non-PEGylated Poly (β-amino ester)Plasmid DNA Nanoparticles for Efficient Gene Delivery

Sajid Iqbal, Alessandro Francisco Martins, Muhammad Sohail, Jingjing Zhao, Qi Deng, Muhan Li, Zhongxi Zhao

Polymeric gene delivery vectors require detailed physicochemical characterisation to ensure reproducible formulation and efficient transfection. PBAE-447 is a promising biodegradable cationic polymer, but its simple nanoparticles can degrade or aggregate in aqueous/physiological conditions. This study characterises…

Read the article
Biotechnology and Bioengineering (accepted manuscript)2021ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

4. Non-Viral Gene Delivery to T Cells with Lipofectamine LTX

Emily Harris, Devon Zimmerman, Eric Warga, Anil Bamezai, Jacob Elmer

Retroviral gene delivery for T cell therapies is expensive, semi-randomly integrating, and variable between patients. Non-viral alternatives are needed, but T cells are notoriously hard to transfect, especially primary T cells. Lipofectamine LTX was the best vehicle in Jurkat cells; optimised conditions in X-VIVO…

Read the article
Nanomaterials2021ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

5. Encapsulation of Large-Size Plasmids in PLGA Nanoparticles for Gene Editing: Comparison of Three Different Synthesis Methods

Tresa Lopez-Royo, Victor Sebastian, Laura Moreno-Martinez, Laura Uson, Cristina Yus, Teresa Alejo, Pilar Zaragoza, Rosario Osta, Manuel Arruebo, Raquel Manzano

CRISPR/Cas gene-editing components are often encoded on large plasmids (9–19 kb), which are difficult to encapsulate and transfect. Most PLGA nanoparticle (NP) gene-delivery studies use small nucleic acids (siRNA) or small plasmids (<6 kb), and the structural integrity and functional performance of large plasmids in…

Read the article
Bioengineering2021ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

6. Stabilization of Poly (β-Amino Ester) Nanoparticles for the Efficient Intracellular Delivery of PiggyBac Transposon

Rodgers, T., Muzzio, N., Watson, C., & Romero, G. (2021).

Gene-editing tools are large plasmid constructs that cannot spontaneously enter mammalian cells, and viral vectors are limited by cargo size, immunogenicity, and manufacturing challenges. PBAE nanoparticles are promising nonviral carriers, but unmodified PEG-PDHA nanoparticles release encapsulated plasmid DNA too…

Read the article
Applied Materials Today2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

7. Bispecific T-cell Engager (BiTE) Immunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer Based on MIL-88A MOF/MC Gene Delivery System

Jing Zhao, Danping Lu, Sergio Moya, Haoying Yan, Miaojuan Qiu, Junzong Chen, Xincheng Wang, Yang Li, Haobo Pan, Guochuang Chen, Guocheng Wang

Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment, but clinical application is limited by high production costs and short in vivo half-life of BiTE proteins. A gene delivery system that enables sustained in vivo expression of BiTE could overcome these limitations, but existing non-viral…

Read the article
Cancers (MDPI)2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

8. Natural Killer (NK) Cell Expression of CD2 as a Predictor of Serial Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)

Julie J.-J. Tang, Alina P. Sung, Mariel J. Guglielmo, Laura N.-G., Doug Redelman, James Smith-Gagen, Diane Hudig

Monoclonal antibody anti-tumour therapies rely on NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), but patient responses vary widely. While tumour antigen escape is one cause of treatment failure, the role of inter-individual variation in NK cell serial killing capacity—the ability of a single…

Read the article
Biomaterials Science (accepted manuscript; manuscript ID BM-ART-09-2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

9. Helper Lipid Structure Influences Protein Adsorption and Delivery of Lipid Nanoparticles to Spleen and Liver

Rui Zhang, Rakan El-Mayta, Timothy Murdoch, Claude Warzecha, Margaret Billingsley, Sarah Shepherd, Ningqiang Gong, Lili Wang, James Wilson, Daeyeon Lee, Michael J. Mitchell

LNP delivery to liver versus spleen is difficult to predict from formulation parameters, and the role of helper phospholipids in biodistribution and protein adsorption is incompletely understood. This study probed how helper lipid identity (DOPE vs DSPC) affects LNP accumulation in liver/spleen and interactions with…

Read the article
Journal of Controlled Release2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

10. Ionizable lipid nanoparticles encapsulating barcoded mRNA for accelerated in vivo delivery screening

Pedro P. Guimaraes, Rui Zhang, Roman Spektor, Mingchee Tan, Amanda Chung, Margaret M. Billingsley, Rakan El-Mayta, Rachel S. Riley, Lili Wang, James M. Wilson, Michael J. Mitchell

LNP libraries are usually screened in vitro, which poorly predicts in vivo mRNA delivery. A high-throughput in vivo platform was needed to screen many LNP formulations simultaneously and identify lead carriers for functional mRNA delivery. b-mRNA could be detected in liver at doses as low as 17 ng; b-mRNA delivery…

Read the article
Journal of Materials Chemistry B2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

11. Highly Efficient and Safe Gene Delivery Platform Based on Polyelectrolyte Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Hard-to-Transfect Clinically Relevant Cell Types

Yana Tarakanchikova, Albert Muslimov, Igor Sergeev, Kirill Lepik, Nikita Yolshin, Alexander Goncharenko, Kirill Vasilyev, Igor Eliseev, Anton Bukatin, Vladislav Sergeev, Sergey Pavlov, Alexey Popov, Igor Meglinski, Boris Afanasyev, Bogdan Parakhonskiy, Gleb Sukhorukov, Dmitry Gorin

DNA- and mRNA-based therapies are transforming biomedicine, but intracellular delivery—especially to hard-to-transfect, clinically relevant cells such as primary human T lymphocytes—remains a major barrier. Existing non-viral methods often suffer from low transfection efficiency, high toxicity, or complex…

Read the article
Nanomedicine2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

12. Nonviral Polymeric Nanoparticles for Gene Therapy in Pediatric CNS Malignancies

John Choi, Yuan Rui, Jayoung Kim, Noah Gorelick, David R. Wilson, Kristen Kozielski, Antonella Mangraviti, Eric Sankey, Henry Brem, Betty Tyler, Jordan J. Green, Eric M. Jackson

Medulloblastoma (MB) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (AT/RT) are common paediatric brain malignancies. Radiation carries high risks of developmental sequelae in young children, and current treatments remain inadequate. Viral gene therapy has safety concerns in paediatric patients, so a safe, effective nonviral…

Read the article
Nature Biotechnology2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

13. Polymer-Stabilized Cas9 Nanoparticles and Modified Repair Templates Increase Genome Editing Efficiency

David N. Nguyen, Theodore L. Roth, P. Jonathan Li, Peixin Amy Chen, Ryan Apathy, Murad R. Mamedov, Linda T. Vo, Victoria R. Tobin, Daniel Goodman, Eric Shifrut, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Jennifer M. Puck, Francis C. Szoka, Alexander Marson

CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in clinically relevant primary cells is limited by inefficient homology-directed repair (HDR) and cytotoxicity of exogenous DNA. Improvements are needed to increase editing efficiency, cell viability, and generalizability across cell types for adoptive cell therapies and research. tCTS…

Read the article
Materials Science & Engineering C2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

14. Engineering a “PEG-g-PEI/DNA nanoparticle-in-PLGA microsphere” hybrid controlled release system to enhance immunogenicity of DNA vaccine

Yingxi Lu, Fapu Wu, Weihua Duan, Xueluer Mu, Sha Fang, Nana Lu, Xianfeng Zhou, Wei Kong

DNA vaccines require high doses because naked DNA is poorly delivered to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and conventional PLGA microsphere encapsulation by W/O/W emulsion can damage DNA, lower supercoiled DNA content, and give low encapsulation efficiency. A controlled-release system is needed that protects DNA…

Read the article
International Journal of Nanomedicine2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

15. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles Prepared from Low-Molecular-Weight PEI and Low-Generation PAMAM for EGFRvIII-Chimeric Antigen Receptor Gene Loading and T-Cell Transient Modification

CAR-T cell therapy is limited by complex manufacturing, viral vector use, high cost, and severe toxicities. A nonviral, transient CAR modification approach using self-assembled nanoparticles could provide a simpler, safer, and potentially broadly applicable alternative for T-cell engineering. Formulation screening…

Read the article
Science Translational Medicine2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

16. Engineered PLGA microparticles for long-term, pulsatile release of STING agonist for cancer immunotherapy

Xueguang Lu, Lei Miao, Wenting Gao, Ziqi Chen, Kevin J. Mchugh, Yehui Sun, Zachary Tochka, Stephanie Tomasic, Kaitlyn Sadtler, Alain Hyacinthe, Yuxuan Huang, Tyler Graf, Quanyin Hu, Morteza Sarmadi, Robert Langer, Daniel G. Anderson, Ana Jaklenec

STING agonists require frequent intratumoral injections over months to achieve efficacy, leading to poor patient adherence, repeated disruption of the tumour microenvironment, increased metastasis risk, and limited applicability to hard-to-reach tumours. A single-injection delivery system that mimics multiple dosing…

Read the article
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering (as indicated in the supplied file header; exact volume/pages and DOI were not in2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

17. Efficiency of Cytosolic Delivery with Poly(beta-amino ester) Nanoparticles is Dependent on the Effective pKa of the Polymer

Denis Routkevitch, Deepti Sudhakar, Marranne Conge, Mahita Varanasi, Stephany Y. Tzeng, David R. Wilson, Jordan J. Green

The mechanism by which cationic polymers with titratable amines mediate endosomal escape and cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids remains poorly understood. Buffering capacity alone has often failed to predict transfection efficacy, so the study examines whether the effective pKa of poly(beta-amino ester)s (PBAEs)…

Read the article
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering (as indicated in the file header; exact volume/pages and DOI were not included in2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

18. Efficiency of Cytosolic Delivery with Poly(beta-amino ester)

Denis Routkevitch, Deepti Sudhakar, Marranne Conge, Mahita Varanasi, Stephany Y. Tzeng, David R. Wilson, Jordan J. Green

The mechanism by which cationic polymers with titratable amines mediate endosomal escape and cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids remains poorly understood. Buffering capacity alone has often failed to predict transfection efficacy, so this study examines whether the effective pKa of poly(beta-amino ester)s (PBAEs)…

Read the article
Molecular Therapy: Nucleic Acids2020ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

19. Poly(Beta-Amino Ester) Nanoparticles Enable Nonviral Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 Plasmids for Gene Knockout and Gene Deletion

Rui Yan Yuan, Mahita Varanasi, Shanelle Mendes, Hannah M. Yamagata, David R. Wilson, Jordan J. Green

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing requires efficient intracellular delivery of large cargo. Viral vectors have packaging and production limitations, and nonviral CRISPR plasmid delivery had mainly been studied for single-site knockout, not for gene deletion requiring two cleavage events. The transfection requirements for…

Read the article
Biomaterials Science2019ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

20. Identifying Key Barriers in Cationic Polymer Gene Delivery to Human T Cells

Brynn R. Olden, Emmeline Cheng, Yilong Cheng, Suzie H. Pun

T cells are an important target for ex vivo gene delivery and editing, but most commercial reagents cannot transfect them and cationic polymers show only moderate success. The specific intracellular barriers limiting non-viral gene delivery to human T cells are poorly understood, hindering rational polymer design…

Read the article
American Journal of Translational Research (Am J Transl Res)2019ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

21. PiggyBac Transposon System with Polymeric Gene Carrier Transfected into Human T Cells

CAR-T cell therapy relies mainly on retroviral/lentiviral vectors, which carry risks of carcinogenicity and complex manufacturing. PiggyBac transposon systems offer a safer, simpler non-viral alternative for stable transgene expression, but primary T lymphocytes are difficult to transfect efficiently. A polymeric…

Read the article
Molecular Pharmaceutics2019ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

22. Differentially Branched Ester Amine Quadpolymers with Amphiphilic and pH-Sensitive Properties for Efficient Plasmid DNA Delivery

Wilson, D. R., Rui, Y., Siddiq, K., Routkevitch, D., & Green, J. J. (2019).

Nonviral gene delivery remains limited by low transfection efficacy, especially under physiological serum conditions and at low nanoparticle doses. Although linear poly(β-amino ester)s (PBAEs) are effective, branching structure had not been systematically evaluated in well-defined PBAE-like poly(ester amine) systems…

Read the article
International Journal of Molecular Sciences2018ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

23. Non-Viral Transfection of Human T Lymphocytes

Simon A. B. Riedl, Alexander Raup, Patrick Kaiser, Christopher V. Synatschke, Valerie Jérôme, Ruth Freitag

Genetic modification of human T lymphocytes is critical for both basic research and emerging therapies (e.g., CAR-T cells), but established non-viral methods are highly inefficient. Linear polyethylenimine (l-PEI), the "gold standard" for non-viral transfection of mammalian cells, achieves only single-digit…

Read the article
Toxicology Research (RSC)2018ResearchNon-viral Gene Delivery

24. Correlation of the cytotoxic effects of cationic lipids with their headgroups

Shaohui Cui, Yueying Wang, Yan Gong, Xiao Lin, Yinan Zhao, Defu Zhi, Quan Zhou, Shubiao Zhang

Cationic lipids are widely used non-viral gene delivery vectors, but their toxicity remains a major bottleneck for clinical translation. Cytotoxicity is strongly associated with the cationic headgroup structure, yet the relationship between headgroup chemistry and toxic mechanisms has been rarely studied. IC50…

Read the article
Articles | Brilliant Blue Biosciences