Papers, explained in our own words

1. Genetically Engineered Cell-Derived Nanoparticles for Targeted Breast Cancer Immunotherapy

Xiaojing Shi, Qinqin Cheng, Tianling Hou, Menglu Han, Goar Smbatyan, Julie E. Lang, Alan L. Epstein, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Yong Zhang

Exosomes are nanosized membranous vesicles with unique properties (abundant membrane proteins, high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity) that make them attractive for therapeutic development. While exosomes have been studied as drug delivery vehicles, fewer studies have focused on engineering exosome surface proteins for cancer immunotherapy. A platform enabling genetic display of bispecific antibodies on exosomes could redirect T cells to. ### SMART-Exo Characterization | Parameter | Result | |---------------|------------| | Size (NTA) | ~109 nm | | Surface scFv per particle | ~1,180 ± 140 molecules | | Yield | 74 μg (5.4 × 10⁹ particles) per 30 mL | |.

2. Targeted si-RNA with liposomes and exosomes (extracellular vesicles): How to unlock the potential

RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics have shown potential for treating genetic, viral, and cancerous diseases, but the main bottleneck remains delivery of functional RNA molecules into the cell cytoplasm. The review focuses on liposomes and other lipid carriers, and on exosomes/extracellular vesicles (EVs), as approaches to overcome siRNA delivery barriers, and proposes integrating these two vesicular systems to unlock RNAi therapeutic potential. Naked siRNA has a plasma half-life of <20 min, small size <10 nm, and is rapidly cleared by glomerular filtration and RES uptake. - GalNAc-siRNA conjugates bind the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) at nanomolar.