Papers, explained in our own words

1. Extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia

Di Domenico O, Marrapodi Mm, Di Feo G, Argenziano L, Rossi F, Di Paola A

Pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired immune-mediated disorder triggered by autoantibody production directed against glycoproteins on the platelet surface, leading to platelet destruction in the spleen and impaired megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow. The immune response is further compromised by a…

• cell-free therapy
• drug delivery
• extracellular vesicles
• immune thrombocytopenia
• immunomodulation
• mesenchymal stromal cells

2. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as nanocarriers for curcumin: from fundamental research to clinical translation

Pan Y, Wang R, Qin S, Zhao L, Xing X

Curcumin has diverse pharmacological activities but poor water solubility, rapid degradation, extensive metabolism, and very low oral bioavailability limit its therapeutic use. This review evaluates mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo; MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles per MISEV2023) as natural…

• Clinical translation
• Curcumin
• Extracellular vesicles
• GMP manufacturing
• Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes
• Natural nanocarriers

3. FGFR4 Enhances Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Output and Promotes STAT1-Dependent LGALS3BP Enrichment in Colorectal Cancer

Kim Dh, Choi Jn, Hwang Je, Shim Hj, Bang Hj, Kim Hj, Et Al.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but its effects on extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated proteins remain unclear. In the present study, we examined FGFR4-associated changes in EV-enriched extracellular fractions and the role of STAT1 in LGALS3BP…

• FGFR4
• LGALS3BP
• STAT1
• colorectal cancer
• extracellular vesicles
• secretome
• transcriptome

4. Optical Manipulation-Assisted Three-Dimensional Single-Particle Tracking Reveals Extracellular Vesicle-Cell Real-Time Interactions In Vitro

Wang C, Huang M, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li S, Chen Q, Et Al.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in intercellular communication and are promising nanocarriers for drug delivery. Directly resolving the three-dimensional (3D) dynamics of EVs during their interactions with target cells can provide critical insights and help guide the rational design of EV-based…

• double-helix point spread function
• dynamic uptake
• extracellular vesicles
• optical tweezers
• single-particle tracking

5. Selecting Administration Routes for Therapeutic Extracellular Vesicles to Achieve Optimal Drug Delivery

Lee M, Choi Y, Yoon Sj, Kim M

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising therapeutic carriers owing to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and ability to transport diverse biological cargo. However, successful EV-based therapy depends not only on carrier engineering but also on selecting an administration route appropriate for…

• administration routes
• drug delivery
• extracellular vesicles

6. Integrating Nanomaterials with Extracellular Vesicles: Engineering Strategies and Translational Perspectives

Le Th, Phan Lmt

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly stem cell-derived exosomes, serve as vital natural nanocarriers in regenerative medicine, immune modulation, and targeted drug delivery due to their innate ability to transport bioactive cargo across complex biological barriers. Despite this potential, the therapeutic…

• Nanomaterials
• exosome
• extracellular vesicles
• regenerative medicine
• therapy

7. Extracellular vesicles as biomimetic platforms for photo-assisted cancer therapy: evolution from synthetic nanocarriers to engineered therapeutic systems

Beaugé L, Ibarra Le

Photo-assisted therapies have emerged as promising strategies for cancer treatment by combining localized tumor ablation with the induction of systemic antitumor immune responses. Despite encouraging preclinical and clinical advances, their therapeutic efficacy remains limited by the unfavorable pharmacokinetics…

• biomimetic drug delivery
• extracellular vesicles
• photo-assisted therapy
• photodynamic therapy
• theranostics
• tumor microenvironment

8. Coupling Extracellular Vesicles with Nanomedicine for Precision Theranostics

Kausar T, Ahmed W, Shafiq T, Kausar R, Liang Y, Duan L

Nanomedicine represents one of the pivotal technologies that further bridges critical gaps in precision theranostics through targeted delivery, integrated diagnostics and therapeutics, and personalized treatment. Among various nanocarriers, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted substantial interest owing to…

• Clinical Translation
• Extracellular Vesicles
• Precision Theranostics
• Standardization
• Surface Modification
• Therapeutic Cargo Delivery

9. Macrophage-Based Nanoplatforms for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Immunomodulation: Extracellular Vesicles, Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles, and Live Cells

Li X, Yu Y, Xie Y, He P, Chen Y, Guo Z, Et Al.

Macrophages are highly plastic immune cells with tumor-homing capacity and immunomodulatory functions, making macrophage-based nanoplatforms attractive for cancer immunotherapy. Macrophage-based nanoplatforms include macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles, and live…

• biomimetic nano-drug delivery systems
• enhanced permeability and retention effect
• extracellular vesicles
• immunomodulation
• macrophages
• tumor microenvironment

10. Genetically Engineered Cell-Derived Nanoparticles for Targeted Breast Cancer Immunotherapy

Xiaojing Shi, Qinqin Cheng, Tianling Hou, Menglu Han, Goar Smbatyan, Julie E. Lang, Alan L. Epstein, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Yong Zhang

Exosomes are nanosized membranous vesicles with unique properties (abundant membrane proteins, high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity) that make them attractive for therapeutic development. While exosomes have been studied as drug delivery vehicles, fewer studies have focused on engineering exosome surface…

• Cancer immunotherapy
• Nanoparticles
• T cells
• Drug delivery
• Transfection
• Extracellular vesicles
• Tumour microenvironment

11. Targeted si-RNA with liposomes and exosomes (extracellular vesicles): How to unlock the potential

RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics have shown potential for treating genetic, viral, and cancerous diseases, but the main bottleneck remains delivery of functional RNA molecules into the cell cytoplasm. The review focuses on liposomes and other lipid carriers, and on exosomes/extracellular vesicles (EVs), as…

• Liposomes
• Extracellular vesicles
• siRNA
• Transfection
• Lipid nanoparticle
• Endosomal escape
• Polymeric