Every entry summarises what the study set out to test, what it found and why it changes how we design delivery systems. Browse research and reviews or search the collection.
586 articles
Showing 193–216 of 269 articles
Cullis Pr, Hope Mj
Genetic drugs such as siRNA, mRNA, and plasmid DNA could treat most diseases by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or enabling gene editing. However, naked RNA/DNA is rapidly degraded, does not accumulate in target tissues, and cannot cross cell membranes efficiently. Lipid nanoparticles…
Read the articleZylberberg C, Gaskill K, Pasley S, Matosevic S
Liposome-mediated gene delivery faces systemic barriers, endosomal escape, lysosomal degradation, and nuclear uptake limitations, while interactions between lipid nanoparticles and cells remain poorly understood. Rational design of targeted liposomes is needed to reduce off-target effects and enhance transfection…
Read the articleLiposomes are attractive pharmaceutical carriers because they encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs and are biocompatible and biodegradable. However, conventional liposomes suffer from aggregation/fusion, premature payload release, rapid clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), low entrapment…
Read the articleLiposomes are the first nano drug delivery systems successfully translated into clinical use, but many formulations still face limitations in biodistribution, toxicity, stability, and target selectivity. An updated review was needed to summarise liposome technologies, marketed clinical products, formulation aspects…
Read the articleRNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics have shown potential for treating genetic, viral, and cancerous diseases, but the main bottleneck remains delivery of functional RNA molecules into the cell cytoplasm. The review focuses on liposomes and other lipid carriers, and on exosomes/extracellular vesicles (EVs), as…
Read the articleSelby, L. I.; Cortez-Jugo, C. M.; Such, G. K.; Johnston, A. P. R
Endosomal escape is widely considered the rate-limiting bottleneck for cytoplasmic delivery of nucleic acids, proteins, and other therapeutics using polymeric and lipid nanoparticles. The field lacks robust methods to quantify escape efficiency and understand its mechanisms, limiting rational design of improved…
Read the articleSun, X.; Wu, G.; Xu, C.; Ye, Q.; Wang, C
Periodontitis causes irreversible destruction of periodontal tissues, and regeneration requires biomaterials with suitable mechanical, degradation, and biological properties. PLGA is attractive for periodontal regeneration because of its biocompatibility, tunable degradation, and processability, but its…
Read the articleJayoung Kim, Adam C. Mirando, Aleksander S. Popel, Jordan J. Green
Angiogenesis is normally balanced by pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, but imbalance leads to aberrant angiogenesis in ischaemia, tissue regeneration, cancer, and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD). Gene therapy is a promising strategy to introduce exogenous nucleic acids that express or silence…
Read the articleKevin J. Kauffman, Matthew J. Webber, Daniel G. Anderson
mRNA therapeutics have broad potential for protein replacement therapy, cancer immunotherapy, and genomic engineering, but effective intracellular delivery remains a major challenge. A chemically diverse suite of delivery materials—originally developed for DNA and siRNA transfection—has recently shown promise for…
Read the articleChen J, Guo Z, Tian H, Chen X.
Gene therapy is a promising strategy for treating gene-associated diseases, but clinical application is limited by inefficient delivery. Naked nucleic acids suffer from nuclease degradation, rapid renal clearance, phagocyte uptake, poor target-cell uptake, and immune-related toxicity. Nanoparticles are considered the…
Read the articleNiu Z, Conejos-Sánchez I, Griffin Bt, O’driscoll Cm, Alonso Mj
Peptide and protein therapeutics are highly potent but mostly require parenteral administration because they are degraded in the gastrointestinal tract, poorly permeate the intestinal epithelium, and have low oral bioavailability. Lipid-based nanocarriers are a promising strategy to enable oral peptide delivery by…
Read the articleRizwanullah M, Ahmad J, Amin S
Conventional cancer chemotherapy suffers from poor drug specificity, narrow therapeutic windows, high dose-limiting toxicity, and multidrug resistance (MDR). Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are biocompatible, biodegradable lipid-based nanoparticles that can improve solubility, stability, targeting, and…
Read the articleCheng X, Lee Rj
Oligonucleotide (ON) therapeutics—antisense ONs, siRNA, miRNA mimics/inhibitors, antimiRs—are limited by poor membrane permeability, rapid renal/RES clearance, and nuclease degradation. LNPs can protect ONs and improve delivery, but the role of helper lipids in LNP stability, circulation, endosomal escape, and in…
Read the articleGreen, J. J.; Elisseeff, J. H
Biomaterials must increasingly do more than simply avoid rejection; they must actively mimic biological structures and functions to direct cell behaviour, modulate immunity, and repair tissues. This review addresses how biologically inspired polymers can be designed for local tissue engineering, systemic therapeutic…
Read the articleSuk, J. S.; Xu, Q.; Kim, N.; Hanes, J.; Ensign, L. M
PEGylation is widely used to improve nanoparticle drug and gene delivery by reducing aggregation, opsonisation, and phagocytic clearance, thereby prolonging circulation. However, the field lacks a consolidated understanding of how PEG molecular weight, surface density, conformation, core properties, administration…
Read the articleYunching Chen, Dong-Yu Gao, Leaf Huang
miRNAs can simultaneously regulate multiple cancer-related genes, making them attractive therapeutic agents or targets. However, efficient, specific, and safe systemic delivery of therapeutic miRNAs in vivo remains a major challenge due to rapid degradation, poor tumour penetration, immunotoxicity, endosomal…
Read the articleXue Hy, Guo P, Wen W-C, Wong Hl
RNAi therapeutics such as siRNA and miRNA can potently and specifically silence almost any gene, but systemic delivery is limited by poor cell permeation, rapid nuclease degradation, immunogenicity, and lack of target specificity. Lipid-based nanocarriers are among the most biocompatible and clinically advanced…
Read the articleDe Jesus Mb, Zuhorn Is
Non-viral nucleic acid delivery requires carriers that protect DNA/RNA from nucleases and facilitate intracellular delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are promising, but the molecular mechanisms by which they assemble with nucleic acids, transfect cells, and release cargo remain poorly understood compared with…
Read the articleHelin Xu, Qing Yao, Cuifang Cai, Jinxin Gou, Yu Zhang, Haijun Zhong, Xing Tang
Amphiphilic poly(amino acid)-based micelles are attractive for systemic drug delivery because they are biodegradable, biocompatible, have functional side groups, can load diverse drugs, and can exploit the EPR effect. However, low cargo capacity and poor stability in blood remain major barriers to clinical…
Read the articleLi, Y.; Maciel, D.; Rodrigues, J.; Shi, X.; Tomás, H
Despite extensive research, therapeutic delivery still faces major barriers: poor plasma stability, rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), and intracellular obstacles such as endosomal entrapment and lysosomal degradation. Biodegradable polymer nanogels (NGs) — physically or chemically cross-linked…
Read the articleHe, D.; Wagner, E
Polymeric gene delivery carriers such as PEI and poly(L-lysine) are heterogeneous and polydisperse, making site-specific multifunctional modification, structure–activity relationship studies, and reproducible clinical manufacturing difficult. This review argues that precisely defined polymeric materials — dendrimers…
Read the articleBishop, C. J.; Kozielski, K. L.; Green, J. J
Viral vectors raise safety concerns, and non-viral polymeric vectors still require optimisation for clinical translation. This review addresses how polymer structural features govern intracellular nucleic acid delivery — including cargo protection, cellular uptake, endosomal escape, unpacking, and nuclear delivery —…
Read the articleLi, L.; Wei, Y.; Gong, C
Viral vectors are efficient but carry risks of immunogenicity, inflammatory reactions, recombination, limited DNA cargo capacity, and manufacturing difficulties. Non-viral polymeric vectors are safer and easier to produce, but their transfection efficiency remains much lower than viral vectors because of multiple…
Read the articleKim J, Wilson Dr, Zamboni Cg, Green Jj
Cancer gene therapy requires safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acids, but viral vectors carry risks of immunogenicity and insertional tumorigenicity, while non-viral polymeric vectors are safer but less efficient. The review addresses the need for targeted polymeric nanoparticles that achieve tumour-specific…
Read the articleWe co-develop nanocarrier and biosensing programmes with pharma, biotech and academic groups — from target selection through scale-up.
